Graduate of the Royal Military College, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur — commissioned into the Royal Ranger Regiment in June 1983. He has served as Aide De Camp to the UN Force Commander (UNOSOM II) in Somalia, as Assistant Defence Attaché at the Malaysian Embassy in Washington DC, and as Military Assistant to the Chief of Army, Malaysia. A pioneer in establishing the Malaysian Army Parachute 10th Brigade (Para), and a graduate of the US Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, USA.
Currently a strategic analyst with keen interest in geopolitical affairs emphasizing politics-diplomacy-security centering South Asia and Southeast Asia, in affiliation with various academic institutions and international organizations. A graduate of the National Defense College, New Delhi; Command and General Staff College, Kansas USA; and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, UK. Author of more than 220 publications on geopolitical affairs.